In this CNBC Original, Maria Bartiromo takes viewers Inside The Mind of Google for a rare look at the world’s most powerful technology company and its crown jewel, the Google Internet search engine. This is the fascinating story of how two grad students, in barely a decade, took a one-time research project and turned it into a global technology powerhouse - changing the way we interact with information, the Internet, and each other. See how Google came to dominate the search industry and turn it into a profit machine… and see where it’s taking its next step… and how the company plans to address arguably the biggest controversy in today’s digital age: privacy.

This first episode is an overview of what gold is and where it comes from, followed by gold's importance in the ancient world including Egypt, Incan Empire and the ancient Greeks and Romans. It covers the first minting of coins in Rome and the rise of various other currencies. Also covers interesting characters such as Crassus (where the term crass comes from).

This episode covers the European lust for gold which led them to South America and the Spanish slaughter of the natives for their gold. Also covered is what the Europeans wanted the gold for, which was to trade with the East for spices and textiles. Interestingly, the favour was not returned with very little of the gold returning to Europe from the East. This episode also covers the rise of using gold as the basis for currencies and economies and the institution of the Gold Standard which was an agreement that the price of gold would be set to a certain amount of Pounds. This was the basis of the world's economy until the 1960s, in one form or another.

In the Nineteenth Century, prospectors struck gold in California, Australia and South Africa. With fabulous new supplies, gold became the standard by which everything else was measured. But would this golden age last?

In 1914 Sir Ernest Shackletons Imperial Trans Antarctic Expedition headed for the South Pole and disaster. SHACKLETONS CAPTAIN reveals the truth behind the spectacular rescue and shows how one mans extra-ordinary skills and unsung heroism made it possible: Frank Worsley, Captain of the expedition ship, Endurance. Worsley was faced with seemingly insurmountable odds when the Endurance became trapped in the pack ice off the coast of Antarctica. The ship was slowly crushed, forcing Worsley and his crew to abandon ship. They spent the next ten months living on the ice floe before rowing three life boats to a desolate rock called Elephant Island. The men were facing slow starvation in the freezing cold and with no rescue in sight Worsley, Shackleton and four crew were forced to risk everything by sailing one of the tiny life boats eight hundred miles across the Southern Ocean to the small island of South Georgia where they hoped to find help at a Norwegian whaling station. Twenty eight lives were in the balance as master sailor Frank Worsley navigated in the worst conditions imaginable; rogue waves, ice bergs and a hurricane in a journey modern sailors consider to be one of the greatest sailing voyages of all time. Worsley, Shackleton and four crew survived storms, freezing cold and the mountainous seas before finally reaching the barren coastline of South Georgia. Hurricane winds forced them to land at a beach on the opposite side of the island to where the whaling station lay and Worsley had to call on his extraordinary skills a second time; he had no map of the island with which to navigate their route across the mountainous interior. Without any alpine equipment, totally inadequate clothing and almost no food or water Worsley, Shackleton and Tom Crean set off to cross the mountains and glaciers to the whaling station and help where they organized a rescue party. After nearly two years on the ice not a single man had perished. The expedition was a disaster, the rescue story one of the greatest in history. An important discovery sheds new light on events surrounding the expedition. While researching for the biography of Frank Worsley; Shackletons Captain, the author, John Thomson, discovered personal letters, photos, lecture notes and a diary in the house where Worsley died. This material informed an insider-perspective on events surrounding the expedition and the critical role played by Worsley., The book Shackletons Captain; recounts the life of an extraordinary man and now the film brings Worsleys story to life. Based on the book 'Shackleton's Captain' by John Thomson.

This episode shows how Europe's 19th Century intellectual culture supplied colonialists and imperialists with a moral - indeed 'scientific' - imperative to claim new territories, crush resistance and impose their rule. This is demonstrated by the colonialists treatment of the aboriginal people in Australia. Science offered racists the theoretical justification for Europeans to fulfill their 'manifest destiny' to impose their rule over all 'lesser breeds'. We see how the ideas that emerged from pseudo-science paved the way for the principle of 'racial hygiene' one of the ideas that would serve to justify several of the genocides of the 20th Century - including The Holocaust. List of experts interviewed: Prof David Dabydeen, Prof Catherine Hall, Prof Henry Reynolds, Prof Bain Attwood, Prof James Moore, Prof Steve Jones, Mike Davis, Dr Maria Misra, Dr Jan-Bart Gewald, Pastor Izak Fredricks, John McNab (Kaptein Rehoboth Basters), Casper W. Erichsen, Edwin Black, Dr Michael Burleigh.

Some of the 20th Century's early genocides, particularly those in Armenia and the Belgian Congo, represented a new, mechanized phase of state-sponsored racial slaughter. During the genocide in the Congo, 10 million African people - almost half the entire population - were butchered by King Leopold's men. For the first time, details of the massacres were made known to people in Europe. These accounts were so lurid and horrifying, that some Europeans, perhaps for the first time, started to wonder who were the 'civilised' and who were the 'savages'. We end the series by looking at the future of this kind of routine institutionalised racism, considering its implications, speculating on how it might be overcome, and looking at what purchase (if any) the concept of 'race' will have in the era of the Human Genome Project. What can science - the discipline that was used to 'prove' the existence of a racial hierarchy over a century ago - tell us about 'race' today? What do our attitudes towards 'race' tell us about ourselves? And is it conceivable that one day, our children or grandchildren might grow up to live in a world without racism? Experts interviewed: Manning Marable, Anthony Appiah, James Allen, Michael Eric Dyson, Thomas Pakenham, Adam Hochschild, Dr Bambi Ceuppens, Prof Deborah Posel, Pallo Jordan, Dr Barney Pityana, Simeon Wright, Hazel Carby, Lee Jasper, Doreen Lawrence, Prof Paul Gilroy.

An examination of prevailing attitudes towards human difference in the writings of some of the major philosophers and historians of antiquity, including Herodotus, Aristotle, and Plutarch. The episode also assesses the implications of Old Testament dogmas concerning the pre-destined attributes of the different 'races' (specifically, the idea that the major racial groups were supposedly the descendants of Noah's sons - Ham, Shem and Japheth - and that Black people were victims of 'The Curse of Ham'). The development of the idea of 'race' is traced as a pseudo-biological category throughout the English Tudor period (particularly the literary application of the concept in Shakespeare). Significant changes in ideas about race are identified that coincided with the event that would shape racial ideas for centuries: the Columbian adventure in the 'New World' and the subsequent development and institutionalisation of the Transatlantic Slave Trade - an event that led to the dehumanisation, exploitation and inferiorisation of Africans - and the outright extermination of Native Americans. List of experts interviewed: Prof James Walvin, Prof Joe AD Alie, Ibrahim Bangura (Caretaker of Bunce Island), Dr Talabi Lucan, Prof Orlando Patterson, Prof Robin Blackburn, Prof Charles Mills, Prof Nicholas Guyatt, Dr Barnor Hesse, Prof Gary Taylor, Prof David Theo Goldberg, Prof Peter Linebaugh, Prof Paul Cartledge, Prof Adam Hochschild, Prof George Fredrickson, Prof Laurent Dubois.

Holden - it's as Australian as meat pies and kangaroos and it's just turned 60. Laugh along with them at the early advertising campaigns and celebrate great cars like Monaro, Commodore and Torana with rare never before-seen footage. Meet the people who design, test and build these great cars - people with real passion, dedication and ingenuity that has driven Holden to export success around the world. It's an engaging look at how Australia got its own car, how Holden came of age to be regarded as a world leader and Holden's exciting vision for the future.

Queen Elizabeth I restored her people's faith in the monarchy and led her nation to its greatest period of prosperity and accomplishment. The daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, Elizabeth studiously avoided involvement in the intrigues after Henry's death, assuming the throne only after the death of her sister Mary. But once in power, she used her education, innate shrewdness and diplomatic skill to lead her nation to glory. This documentary revisits the life of this fabled monarch through the commentary of Elizabethan experts and period art, artifacts and accounts. Discover how she stabilized the economy, won the love and support of her people, and played an endless string of royal suitors to her political advantage. From her childhood away from the court to the defeat of the Spanish Armada and the emergence of England as the world's pre-eminent power, this is the fascinating story of Elizabeth I.

This is the story of the most daring black ops raid in recent history. The inside account of operation Neptune Spear: how US Navy Seals brought to an end the hunt for the most wanted man in the world, and took down the mastermind of 9/11: Osama Bin Laden

Niall Ferguson examines China's ascendancy, and asks what the future holds for the world's most populous country and its relationship with the rest of the world.

Dr Janina Ramirez unlocks the secrets of illuminated manuscripts that were custom-made for kings, and explores the medieval world they reveal.

Dr Janina Ramirez unlocks the secrets of illuminated manuscripts that were custom-made for kings, and explores the medieval world they reveal.

Dr Janina Ramirez unlocks the secrets of illuminated manuscripts that were custom-made for kings, and explores the medieval world they reveal.

In "The Ever-Expanding Universe," Hour 2 of the two-part special "Hunting the Edge of Space," NOVA investigates a battery of high-tech telescopes that is joining the Hubble Space Telescope on its quest to unlock the secrets of our universe, a cosmos almost incomprehensible in its size, age, and violence. Far beyond our solar system, we are now discovering exoplanets orbiting other suns, and beyond our galaxy, another hundred billion galaxies, such as Andromeda, Sombrero, and Whirlpool, each harboring hundreds of billions of stars. We've detected supermassive black holes, spinning violently at the very centers of galaxies, including our own. We've witnessed supernovas: exploding stars, millions of light-years away, spewing out superheated gas at 600,000 miles per hour. And deep inside clouds of gas and dust, billowing trillions of miles high, we can glimpse new stars being born. Now, the latest telescopes are revealing the invisible mysteries of space that we are only just beginning to understand: dark matter, the hidden scaffolding our entire cosmos is built on; and dark energy, a powerful and invisible force that is pushing our universe apart.

Follow the incredible journeys made in the 1940s by explorer Sir Wildred Thesiger, through the famously scorching Empty Quarter in the Arabian Peninsula.

In 1861 one month after President Abraham Lincoln took office shots rang out at Charleston's Fort Sumter signalling the start of the US Civil War.

Art and Copy reveals the work and wisdom of some of the most influential advertisers of our time. People who've profoundly impacted our culture, yet are virtually unknown outside their industry.

2500 years ago in northern India, Prince Siddhartha left his palace where he had spent 29 years indulging in pleasures. He was determined to comprehend the nature of human suffering.

In this two-part documentary, viewers are taken on an exclusive tour behind the forbidding walls of the tiniest state on earth.

In August 1966, in a Vietnamese rubber plantation called Long Tan, 108 young and inexperienced Australian and New Zealand soldiers fought for their lives against 2500 North Vietnamese and Viet Cong soldiers.

An examination of the most successful espionage operation in Russian history: the American presidential election of 2016.

Join renowned historian Neil Oliver as he goes behind-the-scenes inside the Australian War Memorial, following the events as they unfold across a year in the working life of Australia's most iconic museum as it prepares to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the First World War. This landmark five-part series also features insightful interviews with Prime Minister Tony Abbott, and former Prime Ministers, Paul Keating, John Howard, Bob Hawke and Malcolm Fraser, as well Governor General Sir Peter Cosgrove, and VC recipients Mark Donaldson and Ben Roberts Smith. Bringing to life Australia's wartime history through the incredible stories and artefacts held within the vaults of this world renowned memorial.

A two-part portrait of Elizabeth II's grandparents, King George V and Queen Mary, which examines the lasting legacy of the couple who rescued the monarchy from potential disaster.

A two-part portrait of Elizabeth II's grandparents, King George V and Queen Mary, which examines the lasting legacy of the couple who rescued the monarchy from potential disaster.

When faced with impossible situations, the ancients didn't simply give up, they pursued the impossible. How did they get troops across a nearly 4,000 foot river? How do you get oil from the ground without the use of modern drilling techniques? And how did they build a water tank which contained 3 million cubic feet of water, enough to provide for an entire city? What ingenious techniques did Caesar use to assemble a bridge to cross the Rhine, in only 10 days? The ancients created incredible structures to overcome these obstacles, often taking on and beating nature, using engineering methods that seem more modern than you would imagine.

Some of the greatest ships in history were actually designed, built and sailed thousands of years ago. Join us as we examine the greatest warship of the ancient world, the Greek Trireme. What made Triremes so deadly and fast? We also examine the most impossibly opulent ships ever created, the notorious sex ships, built by the notorious Roman Emperor Caligula. Ships built for pleasure which contained marine technology that would not be reinvented for centuries. We also explore what many believe may have been the world's first ironclads, the Korean Turtle Ships.

The Roman Empire is known as one of the mightiest to ever rule the Earth. But the extent of their ingenuity, ambition and scale seems impossible to comprehend. One ambitious emperor built a colossal wall spanning an entire nation, while another built a road that stretched from one end of Europe all the way to Central Asia. We explore ancient texts to uncover amazing Roman technologies including a horse-drawn arrow shooter--possibly the world's first tank?

Today, modern soldiers are equipped with all the latest battlefield technology. But what cutting edge weapons and defenses were the ancient warriors armed with? Could ancient warriors have had an early version of the machine gun, centuries before we ever imagined they could? Could the ancient Saxons have been armed with "super swords" made with steel as strong as any metal made today? And is it possible that the ancient Greeks invented an early version of a bullet proof vest during the time of Alexander the Great? We reveal how the fully equipped soldiers of today compare to the seemingly impossible warrior tech of the ancient world.

Powerful automated stone-cutting devices, incredible power drills capable of cutting through even the hardest granite, fire engines that can respond to and extinguish a fire anywhere in a city; even precise surgery tools so fine they are used on the human eye. These tools are not from the modern world, but are in fact thousands of years old. Most would be lost to time and not again for centuries. How was the ancient world able to create such incredible power tools? Why were they lost, and could there be even more advanced ancient power tools waiting to be discovered?

A mega factory is a modern invention--wrong--the ancients were the first to build these thousands of years ago. What was the incredible 16 wheel Roman automated factory in the south of France which could feed 12,500 people a day? How did the ancient Egyptians produce hundreds of vehicles of war every month? How did the Romans forge enough iron to equip an army, and mine enough gold to keep an economy afloat? With today's technology, this would be achievable, but how did the ancients do this thousands of years ago? We reveal the impossible ingenuity and techniques that made it possible for the ancients to have "Mega Factories" of their own.

Albert Einstein, Steve Jobs, Thomas Edison, these are some of the most ingenious minds in history. But many of their accomplishments would never have been possible without some of the geniuses of the ancient world. The fact is that most of our modern world is possible because of the incredible minds that lived thousands of years ago. We show the amazing genius of Archimedes, who managed to make water flow uphill and pull a ship up a beach single handed! Meet Philon the genius behind the world's first robot, and Ctesibius who was experimenting with pneumatics centuries before anyone else. As impossible as it sounds, Heron of Alexandria invented the world's first steam engine, as well as automatic doors and vending machines! You'd be surprised to find out just how much of today's technology would be impossible without these "Ancient Einsteins."

We think of weapons of mass destruction as a modern concept, but the ancients also created fearsome weapons of their own, some even more destructive than we can create today. Centuries before the widespread discovery of gunpowder, one ancient genius managed to build a cannon that could fire a projectile using the power of steam! We reveal an ancient troop ship mightier than an aircraft carrier, and death rays that could burn enemy ships. How were the ancients capable of creating seemingly impossible warfare technologies thousands of years before modern times?

A massive monument carved out of solid rock, a monster-sized super-dome that defies the laws of gravity. These awe inspiring feats of engineering defy explanation, yet they are not modern--they were actually built thousands of years ago. The Great Pyramid was the tallest structure on earth for over 4,000 years! But what techniques, materials and tools could ancient engineers have used to build it? Stonehenge is one of the most mysterious structures ever built, but could the secret to its construction ever be revealed? Abu Simbel is ancient Egypt's greatest monument which even eclipses today's Mount Rushmore. How did the ancient engineers make the seemingly impossible possible?

How did the Ancients move impossibly huge objects? Why did the Roman forces at the siege of Masada decide to shift an entire mountain by hand? We reveal the ancient technology that allowed the Egyptians to move a 1,000 ton obelisk, and show how the Romans moved even heavier objects at the temples at Baalbek. As well as moving stone and earth, the ancients needed to move mountains of water, using technology we still find impressive today. Who were the most successful Mega Movers of the ancient world and how were they able to make the impossible...possible?

Documentary on the main principles of Sun Tzu (aka Sunzi) "Art of War" illustrated with examples from the second world war, the Vietnam war and the American civil war.

This is the very first documentary on the Holy War from the dual perspective of East and West. It traces the mobilization of religious sentiment for political purposes on both sides, and shows how false notions of East and West are entrenched in our collective consciousness. Compelling live-action dramatizations and CGI put the viewer in the midst of major historical confrontations, and leading international experts explain how the relations between cultures and religions evolved against the background of the Holy Wars.

Sanctioned by the Pope, Christian crusaders invade the Holy Land with the goal of capturing Jerusalem.

A documentary about the history of sex. The program investigates how sex has inspired great art and low humor, ignited battles and lustful obsessions, has been celebrated openly and shamefully hidden. From the practices of the ancient world to the anything-goes sexual revolution of the 20th century, the secrets of the Kama Sutra to the perversions of the Marquis de Sade, the Victorian age to Viagra... the miniseries shows how sex unites and divides the genders.

Narrated by Jack Thompson and featuring the last Gallipoli Anzacs this brand new special challenges the widely held perspective of the Gallipoli Campaign and the birth of the Anzac legend. Featuring never before seen interviews, Gallipoli - Last Anzacs Tell All gives the last survivors of the Gallipoli campaign a voice for the century. Interviewed by Dr Jonathan King, a renowned Gallipoli specialist, the politically controversial and passionate anti-government criticism expressed by these last remaining survivors of the landing of Gallipoli, is a poignant reminder that we must not repeat the mistakes of the past.

The true story of how a team of Australian officers used aerial intelligence and innovative tactics to plan the landing at Anzac Cove.

At the turn of the 20th century, they crossed the Atlantic Ocean leaving a miserable, persecuted or uncertain existence in Europe for New York's wide avenues, Brooklyn's profitable gambling dens or Hollywood's Highlights. Like 12 millions of other emigrants, they landed on Ellis Island, first outpost of the American federal immigration station in the Upper New York Bay, ultimate gateway to the United-States of America. In those decisive hours, when their fates do not belong to them and are in someone else's hands, where federal immigration inspectors decide who is approved and who is sent home, the Melting Pot was born, built up of the teeming masses arriving from the Old Continent. Rewriting the story of some exemplary destinies for a few, among the anonymous and long-forgotten voices of the other immigrants, we will relate the greatest European tragedies of the first half of the 20th century to an ambivalent America, which welcomes through successive waves, an immigration who will recreate and embody the "American Dream".

Dick Cavetts Watergate is an intensely personal, intimate, and entertaining look back at Watergate and the historic resignation of President Nixon, the only U.S. president to resign the office.

Presented and narrated by Sam Worthington, Deadline Gallipoli -The Full Story is an exhilarating documentary, which follows the making of the landmark drama mini-series about four journalists who fought the upper echelons of the military to get the truth out about the audacious but ill-fated Gallipoli campaign of 1915. This is the untold story of the journalists who battled against a brutal censorship regime imposed during WW1 -- the story at the heart of the politically charged, high-octane drama -- is a story of our times. The gulf between the Gallipoli campaign and the theatre of modern war may span a century, but the struggle to find the truth in war reportage, often skewed by propaganda, mythmaking and censorship, remains as challenging today as it was in 1915. The documentary explores the drama producer's decision to tell a well-known story from a new angle. Theirs is the point of view of the four journalists: Charles Bean, Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett, Phillip Schuler and Keith Murdoch who find themselves unable to report the truth they bear witness to. Though they understand that truth may sometimes be a casualty of war, the futility and carnage starts to weigh heavily on them. Two of them mount an offensive of their own with extraordinary results. These are the first truly embedded war correspondents whose actions and defiance ignite a change in the campaign's course and whose commitment to the stories of fighting men turn Gallipoli from a strategic failure into legend.

This is the very first documentary on the Holy War from the dual perspective of East and West. It traces the mobilization of religious sentiment for political purposes on both sides, and shows how false notions of East and West are entrenched in our collective consciousness. Compelling live-action dramatizations and CGI put the viewer in the midst of major historical confrontations, and leading international experts explain how the relations between cultures and religions evolved against the background of the Holy Wars.

This is the very first documentary on the Holy War from the dual perspective of East and West. It traces the mobilization of religious sentiment for political purposes on both sides, and shows how false notions of East and West are entrenched in our collective consciousness. Compelling live-action dramatizations and CGI put the viewer in the midst of major historical confrontations, and leading international experts explain how the relations between cultures and religions evolved against the background of the Holy Wars.

Dan Snow explores the ups and downs of a climactic century in naval and British history.

Dan Snow sheds light on the evolution of Nelson's Navy in the late 18th century. It was the most powerful maritime fighting force in the world, with highly trained crews.

Historian Dan Snow charts the period from 1690 to 1759 & reveals how England and her Navy rose from the depths of military and economic disaster to achieve global supremacy.