The Dream and the Dreaming describes the establishment of the Hermannsburg mission (now known as Ntaria), 130 kilometres west of Alice Springs in the land of the Arrernte people. This documentary provides a strong context for both the religious beliefs of the Arrernte peoples as well as the Lutherans, who introduced the biblical text to the land of the Arrernte that is totally inhabited by their totemic Ancestors. The Lutherans, who set out for central Australia at the beginning of summer, were challenged by the landscape as well as the strength of the Arrernte peoples in their culture and traditions, and for many years the Lutherans made no converts.