NOTE: CAPTIONS COMPUTER GENERATED USING OCR FROM DVB-SUBPICTURES. CA. NOTE: CAPTIONS COMPUTER GENERATED USING OCR FROM DVB-SUBPICTURES. CA. KIA ORA. GOOD EVENING. TONIGHT - A STORY ABOUT GOOD AND BAD, ABOUT GOODNESS RISING TO THE TOP. NOTE: CAPTIONS COMPUTER GENERATED USING OCR FROM DVB-SUBPICTURES. CA. DOES IT SURPRISE YOU WHEN PEOPLE SAY, 'THAT CALIFORNIA, SHE'S REALLY SPECIAL'? ALL THE GOOD PEOPLE OR THINGS THAT I'VE BEEN WITH, HANG OUT WITH, THEY COME INTO ME, SO IT'S LIKE A BIT OF EVERY GOOD PERSON IN MY LIFE THAT HAS MADE ME TURN OUT LIKE THIS. IS THATA GOOD WAY OF PUTTING IT? ALSO, IS THERE ANYBODY OUT THERE? WE'VE BEEN TALKING TO THE SCIENTISTS WHO ARE SEARCHING FOR LIFE IN SPACE. THESE ARE SERIOUS SCIENTISTS FROM PLACES LIKE NASA, ASTROPHYSICISTS. WE WILL FIND INTELLIGENT LIFE IN THE NEXT 2O YEARS. AND HOW TO SET UP A CAMERA IN YOUR OWN HOME AND BECOME A CELEBRITY WITH MILLIONS OF FANS. A FEW COATS OF THAT, MAYBE TWO. YOU JUST WANT NICE, LONG, FLIRTY LASHES. WITHIN ONE YEAR, I HAD 130,000 FOLLOWERS, AND THAT'S WHEN I WAS ABLE TO MOVE TO SYDNEY. AIJ-Ol-IANT: GLORIA! GLORIA! BUT OUR FIRST STORY TONIGHT SOUNDS HORRIBLY FAMILIAR - GANGS, DRUGS, ALCOHOL, VIOLENCE, ABUSE AND NEGLECT. IT DOESN'T GET MUCH WORSE THAN THAT. IN HER FIRST SEVEN YEARS, CALIFORNIA EXPERIENCED IT ALL. SHE WAS TAKEN OUT OF THAT SITUATION AND THEN FOSTERED OUT TO STRANGERS, AND YOU'D THINK, WELL, IT COULD JUST GO FROM BAD TO WORSE. YEAH, BUT PHIL VINE HAS FOUND A STORY, THIS STORY, THAT CONFOUNDS ALL EXPECTATIONS. IT REALLY IS A STORY TO RESTORE YOUR FAITH IN HUMANITY. # NOW TODAY'S LIFE IS FULL OF POSSIBILITIES. # AND WE BARGAIN OUR NICE SIMPLE PLEASURES... IF YOU HAPPEN DOWN THE MAIN STREET OF LEVIN, YOU MIGHT SEE CALIFORNIA- A SHY, UNASSUMING 13-YEAR-OLD RAISING MONEY FORA SCHOOL TRIP TO JAPAN. YOU MIGHT PASS BY AND THINK HER NOTHING OUT OF THE ORDINARY. BUT YOU'D BE WRONG. SHE JUST SHINES. SHE IS A STAR. SHE GETS UP THERE AND GLOWS FOR THE WORLD TO SEE. THAT'S HOW I WOULD DESCRIBE CALIFORNIA. AND HOW DOES THAT MAKE YOU FEELAS HER FOSTER MUM? AW, PROUD. IAM PROUD. YEAH. IAM PROUD FOR HER. CYFS HAVE TAKEN ALL BUT ONE OF CALIFORNIA'S NINE SIBLINGS STILL LMNG INTO CARE, CITING NEGLECT AND ABUSE. WHAT IS IT THAT'S WRONG? WHAT WENT ON INSIDE THERE? WAS THERE VIOLENCE IN THE HOUSE? YEAH, BUTI DIDN'T LIKE WATCHING, SO... WHERE WOULD YOU GO WHEN FELT KINDA OVERWHELMED? GO INTO THE ROOM AND JUST WAIT. WAIT FOR WHAT? GO INTO THE ROOM AND JUST WAIT. WAIT FOR WHAT? JUST FOR THEM TO STOP. IT WAS OBVIOUSLYA BIT OF A 'ONCE WERE WARRIORS' SITUATION. A Ll'l'I'LE GIRL, WHO'S SPOKEN OUT COULD BE AND NOT INTERNALISING WHAT SHE'S BEEN THROUGH, COULD BE HANGING IN ATREE NOW. BUT SHE'S GONE THE OTHER WAY. CALIFORNIA'S IS A RARE AND IMPORTANT STORY. ONE OF TRIUMPH OVER ADVERSITY. SHE'S COME FROM A BATFLESCAPE WHERE SURVIVAL IS SOMETHING WORTH CELEBRATING AND NORMALITY IS A GLITTERING PRIZE. FIND OUR SEATS AND INTO IT. IN CLASS, HER SCHOOLMATES ARE SETTING GOALS - SOMETHING CALIFORNIA'S DONE FROM AN EARLY AGE. HOW ARE YOU GOING TO IMPROVE YOUR STANDARD OF READING? WORK EXTRA HARD AND PAY ATTENTION TO WHAT YOU'RE TEACHING. LIKE YOU DON'T ANYWAY? TO WHAT YOU'RE TEACHING. LIKE YOU DON'T ANYWAY? YEAH. (LAUGHS) SHE IS THE KID THAT GETS HER WORK DONE ON TIME. SHE IS THE STUDENT THAT COMES TO SCHOOL WITH A SMILE ON HER FACE, SHE WILL PUT HER HAND UP, AND TAKE ON ANY RESPONSIBILITY WILLINGLY. LOVES TO DO IT. LEVIN INTERMEDIATE, DECILE TWO. 10% OF THE ROLL ARE AT RISK KIDS. CALIFORNIAA BEACON THERE FOR KIDS AND TEACHERS ALIKE. SHE IS AN OUTSTANDING LITTLE ROLE MODEL FOR THE KIDS IN MY CLASS. AND KNOWING WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT HER BACKGROUND, IS THAT A SURPRISE? IT IS. IT IS. I NEVER TH- UNTIL I WAS INFORMED ABOUT IT, I DID NOT THINK THAT THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN HER BACKGROUND. SHE JUST DOESN'T DISPLAY ANY SORT OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THAT. SHE'S- YEAH, SHE'S AMAZING. HELLO. I'M HOME. SHE'S- YEAH, SHE'S AMAZING. HELLO. I'M HOME. HI, CALI. HOW WAS YOUR DAY? SHE'S- YEAH, SHE'S AMAZING. HELLO. I'M HOME. HI, CALI. HOW WAS YOUR DAY? GOOD. IN A FEW WEEKS' TIME, CALIFORNIA'S DUE TO KISS HER FOSTER FAMILY GOODBYE AND HEAD TO TOKYO ON A SCHOOL EXCHANGE. IT'S A MASSIVE DEAL FOR HER. REALLY COOL COS I GET TO LEARN THEIR CULTURE, AND, LIKE, YEAH. I CAN TEACH THEM SOME OF MY CULTURE; THEY CAN TEACH ME SOME OF THEIRS, WHICH WOULD BE AWESOME. SO YEAH. HOW DO YOU SAY YOUR NAME IN JAPANESE? HAVE YOU WORKED THAT OUT? YOU CAN SAY MY NAME IS CALIFORNIA. THAT'S 'WATASHl WA CALIFORNIA DES.' TONIGHT IT'S ATRIP TO COBB & CO TO MARK HER 13TH BIRTHDAY. WELL, ISN'T THAT A SURPRISE? THANK YOU. SURROUNDED BY THE OTHER WAIFS AND STRAYS IN JAN'S CARE... ALL:I HAPPYBIRFI-DAYTOYOLI. HIP-HIP HOORAY. HIP-HIP HOORAY. # YOU LOOK LIKE A MONKEY, AND YOU ACT LIKE ONE TOO. OVER 38 YEARS, JAN'S FOSTERED MORE THAN 200 KIDS. CALIFORNIA CAME TO HER SIX YEARS AGO. ONE IN A MILLION SAYS JAN. HAPPY BIRTHDAY. SHE HAS THAT DETERMINATION. SHE DOESN'T WANT TO GO BACK TO WHERE SHE CAME FROM. WE'RE TRAVELLING AT MANNY'S SPEED. BUT THIS MORNING CALIFORNIA HAS TO GO BACK - BACK NORTH TO NAPIER TO SEE HER OLD FAMILY. TO GET TO JAPAN, SHE MUST GET PERMISSION FROM HER BIOLOGICAL MUM, MISTY. TO MAKE HER FUTURE HAPPEN, CALIFORNIA'S GOT TO NEGOTIATE HER PAST. HOW DO YOU FEELABOUT COMING DOWN THIS ROAD AGAIN? WHOO, BREATHING IT IN. BREATHING IT IN? ON THE WAY, THEY HAVE TO PASS THE HOUSE IN TAKAPAU... SO WHICH IS YOUR ONE? THE HOUSE IN TAKAPAU... SO WHICH IS YOUR ONE? UM, THIS ONE. ...WHERE CALIFORNIAAND HER SIBLINGS WERE REMOVED BY CYFS. THE HOUSE IS DESERTED BUT FULL OF MEMORIES. IT'S EMPTY. DO YOU WANT TO WALK AROUND IT? NO. IT'S ALL RIGHT. DO YOU WANT ME TO DRIVE ON? NO. IT'S ALL RIGHT. DO YOU WANT ME TO DRIVE ON? YEAH. JUST HEART-BREAKING. IT JUST MADE ME REALLY SAD. THERE'S JUST SO MANY BAD MEMORIES. IF YOU LOOK AT THE BAD MEMORIES- YOU DON'T WANT TO THINK ABOUT THEM COS IT MAKES YOU WANT TO CRY. BUT, YEAH, I DON'T LIKE CRYING. DO YOU REMEMBER WHICH WAS YOUR BEDROOM? YEAH, I SLEPT WITH CLEVELAND. I DIDN'T WANT TO SLEEP BY MYSELF. THERE WAS ALCOHOL, DRUGS... DID THEY ABUSE THE KIDS? THERE WAS ASSAULT TAKING PLACE, AND IT WAS OBVIOUS IN THE CHILDREN. HOW DID THAT MAKE YOU FEEL WHEN YOU SAW YOUR MUM AND YOUR STEPDAD DRUNK OR STONED? IT JUST ANNOYED ME. LIKE, YOU'VE GOT CHILDREN AND YOU'RE GOING AND DOING THAT. DID YOU FEEL LIKE YOUR MOTHER WAS LOOKING AFTER YOU? NO, I JUST FELT LIKE SHE WAS A PERSON THAT LIVED IN THE HOUSE. SHE WAS WORRIED SOMETIMES THERE WASN'T STUFF FOR THE BABIES. WOULD HAVE TO WRAP THE BABIES lN- THERE WASN'T NAPPIES. SO THERE WAS A LOT OF NEGLECT. AGED 6, CALIFORNIA WAS ACTIVELY TAKING CARE OF HER YOUNGER BROTHER AND SISTER AND THE BABY. WHAT SORT OF THINGS DID YOU HAVE TO DO? LIKE, CHANGE HER NAPPIES AND ALL THE THINGS A MUM HAS TO DO. AND SHE SAID TO ME, 'I KNOWAT 7l AM NOT THE MOTHER. BUT I AM. I CUT HER CORD, I GAVE HERA BOTTLE, 'I CHANGED HER NAPPIES. 'SHE SLEPT WITH ME IN BED AT NIGHT. IAM THE MOTHER.' AND THEY'RE BACK ON THE ROAD TO MISTY, HER BIOLOGICAL MUM, IN NAPIER. NEXT STOP IS WAIMARAMA. BETTER MEMORIES. WHEN JAN FIRST FOSTERED CALIFORNIA, SHE BROUGHT HER HERE, TO THE OLD FAMILY FARM. CALI TAKES A FAMILIAR SWING ON THE GATE. CALI. JAN REMEMBERS ONE OF HER FIRST MESSAGES TO THE 7-YEAR-OLD. STOP AND BREATHE. YOU ARE NOT CITY'S MOTHER. YOU ARE NOT MY MOTHER. YOU ARE A CHILD, AND YOU ARE ALLOWED TO HAVE FUN. DON'T SNAP ON MEI NAH, SHE'S AN OLD BRANCH. CALI TRIES HER OLD TREE SWING. THIS PLACE REALLY SEEMS TO LIGHTEN HER SPIRIT. I LOVE THIS PLACE SO MUCH. EH? DO YOU LOVE THIS PLACE? YEAH, I DO. HERE IN THIS COASTAL HAVEN, CALIFORNIA SENSES NOW THAT SOMETHING CHANGED. HAS SHE TAUGHT YOU MUCH? YEAH, A LOT. SHE'S TAUGHT ME MOSTLY EVERYTHING... I KNOW. DID SHE CHANGE YOUR LIFE, DO YOU THINK? FOR THE BETTER, YEAH. EVERYWHERE ON THIS BEACH THERE'S HEARTS. I THINK YOUR HEARTS ON THIS BEACH TOO, ACTUALLY. WHERE DO YOU THINK NANNY JAN GETS ALL THAT FROM? SHE'S PRETTY SPECIAL, EH. WHERE DOES THAT SPECIALNESS COME FROM? SPECIAL, EH. WHERE DOES THAT SPECIALNESS COME FROM? HER HEART. YEAH, WELL, SHE'S A GREAT KID, ISN'T SHE? BUT CALIFORNIA IS GOING TO NEED ALL THE HEART THAT SHE CAN MUSTER FOR THE MEETING WITH HER BIOLOGICAL MOTHER. YEAH, SHE CAN'T GO ON THIS EXCHANGE TO JAPAN-AND HOW EXCITING IS THAT? GOING TO JAPAN. BUT SHE CAN'T GO ON ITAND CARRY ON HER NEW LIFE WITHOUT THE PERMISSION FROM MISTY. IF YOU DID NOT COME AND SEE ME, I WOULD HAVE HUNTED YOU DOWN AND GET YOU, MY DAUGHTER. WELCOME BACK. NOW, 13-YEAR-OLD FOSTER KID CALIFORNIA IS SET FOR A LIFE-CHANGING SCHOOL EXCHANGE TO JAPAN. SHE'S ESCAPED SEVEN YEARS OF ABUSE AND NEGLECT UNDER THE ROOF OF HER BIOLOGICAL MOTHER. AND HER NAME IS MISTY. BUT SHE CANNOT GO ON HER SCHOOL TRIP UNTIL SHE'S GOT MISTY'S PERMISSION. I'M SURE IT'S ALONG THIS STREET, EH? UNTIL SHE'S GOT MISTY'S PERMISSION. I'M SURE IT'S ALONG THIS STREET, EH? YEP. THIS WILL BE A LONG TIME SINCE I'VE SEEN MUM. YEAH, WAS IT BEFORE CHRISTMAS? SINCE I'VE SEEN MUM. YEAH, WAS IT BEFORE CHRISTMAS? MM-HM. YEAH, COS SHE'S BEEN AWAY. SHE TOOK OFF AFTER THAT, DIDN'T SHE? THIS IS CALIFORNIA'S NAN'S PLACE, AND THERE ARE BALLOONS. IT LOOKS LIKE THEY'RE EXPECTING HER. YOU'RE LOOKING GOOD. OH. CONGRATULATIONS. THAT'S NANA JAN ET. AND HER MUM, MISTY. LOOK AT YOU. YOU'RE THE SAME SIZE AS ME. JAN BRINGS UP THE SCHOOL EXCHANGE. THIS ONE HERSELF HAS BEEN OUT BUSKING, AND SHE DOES AN HOUR, SHE'S NEVER MADE LESS THAN $74 AN HOUR. I WOULD HIRE HER MYSELF. PART OF THE REASON SHE'S COME HERE, I GUESS, IS SHE WANTS YOUR BLESSING TO GO TO JAPAN. IF YOU DID NOT COME AND SEE ME I WOULD HUNT YOU DOWN AND GET YOU, MY DAUGHTER, COS IAM YOUR MAMAAND I REALLY BELIEVE THAT YOU NEED MY BLESSING SO YOU HAVE A SAFE TRIP. OH, I'D LOVE A CUP OF TEA. SHE'S AN AWESOME GIRL. SHE TURNED OUT TO BE THE ONE- THE BRIGHTEST THING I HAVE EVER HAD, NOT SAYING THAT MY OTHER CHILDREN AIN'T, BUT SHE WAS... THE BRIGHT ONE. REMEMBER CALIFORNIA HAS NINE SIBLINGS. SHE'S NOT THE ONLY ONE WITH AN UNUSUAL NAME. CLEVELAND, CALIFORNIA, CITY, CHERIE, CUSTOM, MONTANA, COMPTON AND NOW LOYALTY. THE OTHER TWO THAT PASSED AWAY IS LTAND CUPID. AND... YEAH. IAM A MOTHER OF 10. ALL BUT ONE WERE TAKEN OFF HER. WE STOPPED AT YOUR HOUSE IN TAKAPAU AND IT'S FAIR TO SAY THERE WAS A BLACK CLOUD HANGING OVER CALIFORNIA'S HEAD. WHY DO YOU THINK THAT WAS? COS THAT'S WHERE THE DRINKING WAS AND THE FIGHTING AND DRUGS WAS. AND, YEAH, SHE WAS TAKEN FROM THERE. AS WE TALK TO HER MUM, CALIFORNIA HEADS DOWN TO THE PARK WHERE SHE SPENT SOME HUNGRY TIMES. AGED 4 OR 5, SHE'D FIND HERSELF DOWN HERE AT ALL HOURS OF THE NIGHT. THEY WEREN'T POOR, BUT SHE'D HAVE MONEY THAT SHE'D GO AND SPEND IT ON DRUGS OR DRINK INSTEAD OF FOOD. I SMOKED TOO MUCH WEED AND I HAD TOO MUCH TO DRINK. I FOUND OUT I WAS AN ALCOHOLIC AND I FESSED UP TO IT, AND I'VE COME DOWN OFF THEM ALL. SO WHEN CYFS TALK ABOUT NEGLECT AND ABUSE, WHICH IS WHY THEY SAY THEY TOOK THE CHILDREN AWAY, WHAT DO YOU SAY ABOUT THAT? IAM GOING TO SAY NOTHING BECAUSE I AM QUITE- I AM GOING TO SAY NOTHING ON THAT ONE. AND FOR NOW, CALIFORNIA'S HAPPY TO LEAVE IT LIKE THAT. BEFORE THEY GO, A BEAUTIFUL MOMENT FOR HER AS HER TWO MUMS EMBRACE. AWESOME. SHE'S AN AWESOME LADY I COULDN'T' HAVE ASKED FOR ANYONE BETTER THAN NANNY JAN TO LOOK AFTER THE CHILDREN. YOU'LL BE 13 SOON. SHE'S GOTA LOT OF LOVE FOR YOU, YOUR MUM. DO YOU THINK IT WAS THE FAULT OF THE ALCOHOL OR WAS IT HER FAULT? HER FAULT, COS THE ALCOHOL DOESN'T COME AND SAY, 'DRINK ME.' SO YEAH. SHE HAD CHOICE TO DRINK IT OR LEAVE IT ALONE, AND SHE DRUNK IT. HAS SHE EVER SAID SORRY FOR WHAT HAPPENED? YEAH, SHE SAID ITA LOT WHEN I WAS THERE, ACTUALLY, AND WHEN I GAVE HER HUGS. YEAH, SHE SAID ITA LOT WHEN I WAS THAT MUST FEEL PRETTY GOOD. HUGS. YEAH, SHE SAID ITA LOT WHEN I WAS THAT MUST FEEL PRETTY GOOD. MM-HM. WITH HER MUM'S BLESSING TO GO TO JAPAN, CALIFORNIA TIKI TOURS BACK TO LEVIN, IMAGINING HER FUTURE AND EVERYTHING OPENING UP IN FRONT OF HER. SELFIE TIME WITH THE WINDMILLS. SAY CHEESE! WHAT'S JAPAN GOING TO DO FOR HER? OH, IT'S GOING TO BROADEN HER HORIZONS. SHE'S GONNA SEE WHATS OUT THERE. SHE'S GOING TO TAKE ALL OF THAT IN AND SOAK IT UP LIKE A SPONGE. (PANTS) WOW, IT'S SO BIG. I'M GONNA TAKE A PICTURE OF THE BIG FAT THING. SHE GETS INVOLVED AND MAKES THINGS HAPPEN. SO WHETHER IT'S GOING TO JAPAN OR NOT, SHE'LL MAKE THINGS HAPPEN IN LIFE, AND THE PEOPLE THAT COME ACROSS HER, OR SHE'LL TOUCH IN LIFE, WILL KNOW THAT THEY'VE BEEN BLESSED BY KNOWING HER, COS SHE IS A Ll'l'I'LE SAR AND Ll'l'I'LE ANGEL. A LOT OF KIDS BEEN THROUGH WHAT YOU'VE BEEN THROUGH WOULDN'T JUST GET OVER IT. YEAH, WHICH IS SAD. WHATS YOUR SECRET? I DON'T KNOW. I DON'T HAVE A SECRET. IS IT THE SECRET OF NANNY JAN? YEAH, IT'S NANNY JAN. DOES IT SURPRISE YOU WHEN PEOPLE SAY, 'OH, THAT CALIFORNIA - SHE'S REALLY SPECIAL'? LIKE, I CAN'T HELP IT. IT JUST GETS INSIDE ME. SO ALL OF THE GOOD PEOPLE AND GOOD THINGS THAT I'VE BEEN WITH OR HANG OUT WITH, THEY COME INTO ME, SO IT'S LIKE A BIT OF EVERY GOOD PERSON IN MY LIFE THAT HAS MADE ME TURN OUT LIKE THIS. IS THATA GOOD WAY OF PUTTING IT? GOSH, SHE'S JUST SUCH A GREAT KID, ISN'T SHE? NOW, CALIFORNIA IS OFF TO JAPAN NEXT MONTH. SHE'S FUNDRAISED ALL THE MONEY SHE NEEDS, IN PART THROUGH THAT WONDERFUL BUSKING THAT SHE'S DONE. AND I JUST WISH HER ALL THE BEST. SHE NEEDS, IN PART THROUGH THAT WONDERFUL BUSKING THAT SHE'S DONE. AND I JUST WISH HER ALL THE BEST. YEAH, SO DO I. THAT'LL BE A GREAT TRIP. ALL RIGHT, NEXT UP - THE SCIENTISTS WHO ARE SCOURING THE UNIVERSE FOR LIFE. AND THEY'RE GETTING MORE AND MORE SURE THAT THEY'LL FIND IT. WE ARE NOT ALONE. (INHALES) I DON'T THINK SO. WELCOME BACK TO 3RD DEGREE. THIS IS A QUESTION WE'VE ALL ASKED. I ASK THIS MYSELF, ACTUALLY, EVERY DAY. IS THERE INTELLIGENT LIFE OUT THERE IN SPACE? WELL, UP UNTIL NOW, THAT'S A QUESTION THAT SCIENTISTS WOULD PREFER NOT TO ANSWER, BECAUSE THEY SIMPLY DIDN'T KNOW. YEAH, BUT THINGS ARE CHANGING, AND SARAH HALL HAS JUST BEEN TO CALIFORNIA WHERE THE WORLD'S BEST ASTROPHYSICISTS ARE USING SUPER NEW TELESCOPES TO LOOK INTO THE FARTHEST REACHES OF THE GALAXY. AND THEY ARE NOWAMAZINGLY CONFIDENT THAT THEY'RE ON THE BRINK OF AN EARTH-SHATTERING DISCOVERY. IF I HAD TO PUT MY MONEY ON IT, I WOULD BET WE WILL FIND INTELLIGENT LIFE IN THE NEXT 2O YEARS. WE WILL FIND SOME SORT OF LIFE WITHIN THE NEXT TWO DOZEN YEARS. IT IS AMAZING TO THINK JUSTA FEW YEARS AGO NO ASTROPHYSICIST WOULD STAKE HIS OR HER LOFTY REPUTATION ON CLAIMS LIKE THIS - THAT LIFE WILL SOON BE FOUND IN OUR GALAXY. WHAT KIND OF LIFE? WELL, THATS THE MILLION-DOLLAR QUESTION. BUT SCIENTISTS SAY GIVEN THE IMMENSITY OF THE UNIVERSE, IT IS NOW INEVITABLE LIFE BEYOND EARTH WILL BE FOUND. WHEN YOU LOOK UP INTO THE SKY AND LOOK UPAT THAT BAND OF THE MILKY WAY, YOU ARE LOOKING AT LITERALLY BILLIONS OF POTENTIALLY HABITABLE EARTH-SIZED PLANETS. WE ARE NOT ALONE. (INHALES) I DON'T THINK SO. THE GAME-CHANGER IS DOWN TO THE WORK OF THIS WOMAN AND HER TEAM AT NASA. DR NATALIE BATALHA IS ONE OF THE LEAD SCIENTISTS ON THE KEPLER MISSION THAT'S REVOLUTIONISED THE WAY WE UNDERSTAND THE UNIVERSE. LIFT-OFF OF THE DELTA-2 ROCKET WITH KEPLER ON A SEARCH FOR PLANETS IN SOME WAY LIKE OUR OWN. LAUNCHED IN 2009, IT'S ATELESCOPE IN SPACE SURVEYING A VERY TINY SECTION OF OUR MILKY WAY. IT'S CONFIRMED FOR THE FIRST TIME THERE ARE PLANETS IN THE SO-CALLED GOLDILOCKS ZONE. THE PLANETS ARE NOT TOO FAR OR TOO CLOSE TO THEIR STAR. THEY ARE AT JUST THE RIGHT DISTANCE TO SUPPORT LIQUID WATER - THE BUILDING BLOCK OF ALL LIFE HERE ON EARTH. THESE PRELIMINARY RESULTS ARE TELLING US THAT AT LEAST 10% TO 20% OF THE STARS IN OUR GALAXY HARBOUR SOMETHING THAT IS GOING TO BE APPROXIMATELY EARTH-LIKE IN TERMS OF SIZE AND IN TERMS OF ITS ORBIT. NOW, 10% TO 20% DOESN'T SOUND LIKE A LOT, BUT THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS OF STARS IN OUR GALAXY, RIGHT, SO THAT TRANSLATES TO LITERALLY TO TENS OF BILLIONS OF PLANETS OUT THERE LIKE EARTH. THE BEST GUESSTIMATE IS THAT AROUND 4O BILLION OF THEM ARE EARTH-LIKE. ALL 4O BILLION COULD POTENTIALLY HARBOUR LIFE. I THINK WITHIN THE NEXT FEW GENERATIONS WE WILL FIND EVIDENCE OF LIFE BEYOND EARTH. MAYBE SIMPLE LIFE FORMS, MAYBE NOT COMPLEX LIFE FORM, MAYBE NOT INTELLIGENT LIFE BUT IT'S COMING. THERE'S ALREADYA SHIFT IN MENTALITY. I SEE PEOPLE WITH THIS SHIFT IN MENTALITY. THEY'RE THINKING ABOUT THIS, YOU KNOW, 'YEAH WE'RE GONNA MEET THE NEIGHBOURS.' 2O YEARS AGO PEOPLE WOULD WERE BEING MOCKED FOR THINKING THERE WAS LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS. BUT NOW IT SEEMS TO BE A QUESTION OF NOT IF, BUT WHEN. I THINK THAT'S RIGHT. YES. THE IMPLICATIONS WILL TOUCH EVERY ASPECT OF OUR HUMANITY. THERE ARE ASTRONOMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS. THERE ARE ESOTERIC AND EXISTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS, RIGHT? PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS. RELIGIOUS LEADERS MIGHT HAVE TO RE-EVALUATE SCRIPTURES. UH, IT CHANGES THE WAY THAT WE LOOK UPAT THE NIGHT SKY. AND, UM, PEOPLE WILL HAVE TO FACE FEARS. K-ICQSI-Il REMEMBER THIS IS NOT THE VIEW OF SOME SCIENCE FICTION FAN. DR BATALHA IS SO HIGHLY QUALIFIED IT WAS HER JOB TO DECIDE WHERE THE RECENT ROVERS WOULD LAND ON MARS. AND SHE WILL BE THE ONE WHO LEADS THE WORLD INTO A NEW AGE OF SPACE EXPLORATION. IN FOUR YEARS, HER NASA TEAM WILL LAUNCH THE MOST SOPHISTICATED SPACE TELESCOPE EVER BUILT. SEVEN TIMES MORE POWERFUL THAN THE HUBBLE TELESCOPE, IT WILL BE STATIONED 1.5 MILLION KILOMETRES ABOVE EARTH TO STUDY THE PLANETS FOUND BY KEPLER IN MORE DETAIL. WHILE NASA PINS ITS HOPES OF DISCOVERING LIFE ON ITS NEWAGE TELESCOPES, A FEW KILOMETRES AWAY, IN THIS NON-DESCRIPT BUILDING IN SAN FRANCISCO, THE SETI INSTITUTE IS ALSO RACING TO BE THE FIRST TO FIND LIFE. IT'S DOING IT FROM THE GROUND BY ANALYSING DATA FROM THE HUGE ARECIBO TELESCOPE BASED IN PUERTO RICO. THE THEORY IS THAT FOR THE PAST 7O YEARS WE HAVE POLLUTED SPACE WITH RADIO AND TV SIGNALS. EARLY SHOWS LIKE I LOVE LUCY HAVE NOW GONE PAST 10,000 STARS. IF EARTH IS LITTERING THE ATMOSPHERE, PERHAPS WE CAN PICK UP SIGNALS FROM OTHER CMLISATIONS. WE POINT OUT RADIO ANTENNAS IN THE DIRECTIONS OF NEARBY STARS WHERE WE THINK THERE'S A HABITABLE WORLD. MAYBE THERE'S SOMEBODY THERE. BUT ON THE OTHER HAND ARE WE TUNING INTO THE RIGHT SPOT ON THE RADIO DIAL? DO WE HAVE ENOUGH SENSITMTY TO PICK UP THEIR SIGNALS? ARE THEIR SIGNALS ARRMNG JUST AS WE ARE LISTENING? ALL THESE THINGS COULD GO WRONG. THERE ARE MANY WAYS TO MISS INTELLIGENT LIFE. I FIGURE THAT ONE IN A MILLION STAR SYSTEMS HAS SOME INTELLIGENT LIFE THAT'S BROADCASTING OUR WAY NOW. IF THAT'S THE CASE, THEN THE ZO-YEAR ESTIMATE FOR VVHEN WE'LL FIND IT IS PROBABLY A GOOD ONE. THE BIG LIMITATION WE HAVE NOW IS SIMPLY COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY. AS WE SIFT THROUGH ALL THE COSMIC STATIC, IT'S AN INCREDIBLY COMPUTING-INTENSIVE PROCESS BUT COMPUTERS ARE GETTING CHEAPER EVERY YEAR, AND SO IN ABOUT 2O YEARS, WE WILL HAVE THE CAPACITY TO LOOK ATA MILLION STARS AND ONCE YOU GET TO THAT NUMBER, IT'S VERY REASONABLE TO FIND INTELLIGENT LIFE IF IT'S OUT THERE. AND THIS IS OF COURSE ONE OF THE MOST PROFOUND QUESTIONS OF ALL TIME. IS THERE INTELLIGENT LIFE? I THINK IF YOU WERE TO PULL THE NEXT 1O ASTRONOMERS OFF THE STREETS AND SAY TO THEM, 'DO YOU THINK LIFE IS COMMONPLACE?' I'M SURE MOST OF THEM WOULD SAY YES. IT'S LIKE A COSMIC INFECTION. THERE'S PROBABLY LIFE EVERYWHERE. BUT INTELLIGENCE? THAT'S SOMETHING A LITTLE TRICKIER. YOU KNOW, THERE WASN'T ANY INTELLIGENT LIFE ON THIS PLANET FOR THE FIRST FOUR BILLION YEARS OF BIOLOGY. SO, YOU KNOW, MAYBE THATS MUCH HARDER. AND THE ONLY WAY WE CAN REALLY ANSWER THAT QUESTION IS TO TRY AND FIND IT SOMEWHERE ELSE. PERSONALLY, I THINK IT'S A NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT, BECAUSE THERE'S AN ADVANTAGE TO INTELLIGENCE. SO I THINK IT'S OUT THERE, BUT WHAT I THINK DOESN'T REALLY MATTER. WHAT COUNTS IS - CAN YOU FIND IT? I SUPPOSE THE CHALLENGE IS, ISN'T IT, WHETHER THEY CAN FIND IT OR WHETHER WE CAN FIND IT, ACTUALLY? YEAH, THE GOOD NEWS IS, DUNCAN, THAT WE CAN ALL HELP LOOK FOR IT, AND WE'LL TELL YOU HOW IN A MOMENT. YEAH, AND WE'LLALSO TELL YOU WHAT REALLY DMDES THESE SCIENTISTS, COS IT'S NOT WHETHER THERE ARE OTHER LIFE FORMS OUT THERE. IT'S WHETHER OR NOT THOSE LIFE FORMS- WELL, WHAT THEY'LL DO TO US. WILL THEY ATTACK US? WILL THEY BE FRIENDLY TO US? MM- # Gotta make my mind up. # Which seat can I take? # It's Friday, Friday. # Gotta get down on Friday. Everybody... We're saying a big thank you to our customers. # ...weekend. # Friday, Friday. # Gettin' down on Friday. Vodafone Fantastic Fridays, with movies, music and sports experiences or pre-pay deals. # Panyin', panyin'. # WELCOME BACK. SO, THE ASTROPHYSICISTS AT NASA AND THE SETI INSTITUTE ARE BUSY LOOKING TO SEE IF WE HAVE NEIGHBOURS OUT THERE IN THE GALAXY. AND AS SARAH HALL HAS DISCOVERED, THE LATEST TRICK IS TO INVOLVE ALL OF US - YOU - IN THE HUNT. YOU AT HOME CAN JOIN THE SEARCH FOR INTELLIGENT LIFE FROM YOUR HOME COMPUTER. THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY CAMPUS IS BASE CAMP FOR THE SETIQHOME PROJECT. IT LINKS EIGHT MILLION HOME COMPUTERS TOGETHER TO FORM A SUPERCOMPUTER. YOU INSTALL THIS PROGRAM ON YOUR COMPUTER, AND WHAT IT WILL DO IS YOU WILL BE ASSIGNED A PIECE OF DATA FROM THE WORLD'S LARGEST TELESCOPE. EVERYBODY GETS A DIFFERENT PART OF THE SKY TO WORK ON. AND THEN WHEN YOU GO OUT FOR A CUP OF COFFEE, IT WILL POP UP ON YOUR SCREEN, BUT IT'S NOT JUST PUTTING PRETTY PICTURES ON YOUR SCREEN; IT'S ACTUALLY GOING THROUGH THE DATA, LOOKING FOR THAT FAINT MURMUR OF A DISTANT CMLISATION. AND IT MIGHT TAKE A FEW DAYS TO LOOK AT ALL OF THE DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES AND SIGNAL TYPES ON YOUR COMPUTER, AND THEN WHEN IT'S DONE, IT WILL MAKE A CONNECTION BACK TO OUR COMPUTER HERE AT BERKELEY AND IT'LL TELL US WHAT SIGNALS IT FOUND, AND YOUR NAME IS ATTACHED TO THAT DATA, SO IF YOU'RE THE LUCKY ONE THAT FINDS THAT CMLISATION, YOU GET THE NOBEL PRIZE. WHILE THE ASTROPHYSICISTS ARE EXCITED AT THE THOUGHT OF FINDING INTELLIGENT LIFE, KEPLER'S FINDINGS HAVE REIGNITED THE DEBATE ABOUT WHETHER WE SHOULD BE QUIETLY LISTENING OR SENDING OUT TARGETED SIGNALS TO LET ANOTHER CMLISATION KNOW WE ARE HERE. FAMED COSMOLOGIST STEPHEN HAWKING HAS BEEN A VOCAL OPPONENT, SAYING... WHEN HAWKING SAID THAT, THAT WAS 2010, AND HE DIDN'T KNOW THAT THERE ARE A LOT OF OTHER PLANETS VERY MUCH LIKE EARTH. SO IT REALLY MAKES NO SENSE FOR ANOTHER CMLISATION TO COME ALL THE WAYACROSS THE GALAXY TO GET SOMETHING THAT'S IN THEIR OWN BACKYARD. A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE AGAINST THE IDEA OF TRANSMITTING DELIBERATELY. THEY SAY IT MAY BE DANGEROUS AND SO FORTH. PERSONALLY, I THINK THATS ALL WASTED EFFORT TO WORRY ABOUT THAT. AND THE REASON IS IT'S EASY TO SHOW THAT ANY SOCIETY THAT COULD ACTUALLY COME HERE, RIGHT, OR LAUNCH SOME SORT OF ATTACK ON US, IF YOU THINK THEY'RE MALEVOLENT, RIGHT, ANY SOCIETY CAPABLE OF DOING THAT IS ALSO CAPABLE OF PICKING UP THE KINDS OF SIGNALS WE'VE BEEN SENDING WILLY-NILLY INTO SPACE SINCE THE SECOND WORLD WAR. WHILE THE SETI INSTITUTE FAVOURS SENDING OUT SIGNALS, ACROSS TOWN AT BERKELEY UNIVERSITY, THE CHIEF SCIENTISTAT THE SETI@HOME PROJECT, DAN WERTHIMER, BELIEVES TARGETED MESSAGES ARE IDEALISTIC AND FOOLISH. WE THINK BUT WE DON'T KNOW THAT AN ADVANCED CMLISATION WOULD LEARN TO STOP KILLING EACH OTHER AND, YOU KNOW, THEY'VE SURVIVED FOR A BILLION YEARS AND THEREFORE THEY MUST BE PEACEFUL. BUT I THINK THAT MAY BE NAIVE FOR US TO THINK THAT, OH, ABSOLUTELY THEY'RE GOING TO BE LIKE THAT. AND SO, UM, I THINK WE SHOULD JUST BE LISTENING, DOING THESE PASSIVE SEARCHES TO SEE WHATS OUT THERE. WE SHOULD NOT BE DELIBERATELY TRANSMITTING ANY MESSAGES. WAS IT NAIVE TO SEND THOSE EARLIER MESSAGES? YES, AND THE PEOPLE THAT SENT THOSE MESSAGES- THE FIRST MESSAGE IN 1974 THAT WAS TRANSMITTED WAS A TWO-MINUTE MESSAGE, AND THAT IS NOW- THE PEOPLE WHO DID IT - FRANK DRAKE SAID IT WAS A MISTAKE. WHILE THE DEBATE GOES ON OVER HOW AND IF WE SHOULD RESPOND IF WE DO FIND INTELLIGENT LIFE, THERE'S NO DOUBT THE KEPLER MISSION HAS IRREVERSIBLY CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE. WE'VE GONE FROM BELIEVING THERE MIGHT BE PLANETS LIKE EARTH TO KNOWING THERE ARE BILLIONS OF THEM JUST IN OUR MILKY WAY. NOW IT'S UP TO THE SCIENTISTS TO CONQUER THE FINAL FRONTIER. IF THEY CAN CONFIRM WEARE NOT ALONE, IT WILL BE THE MOST IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY OF ALL TIME. IT'S ACTUALLY PROFOUND EITHER WAY. IF THERE IS NO LIFE IN THE GALAXY, THAT'S PROFOUND; WE BETTER TAKE REALLY GOOD CARE OF OUR CMLISATION AND LIFE HERE ON THIS PLANET. IF THE UNIVERSE IS TEEMING WITH LIFE, THAT'S ALSO PROFOUND. IF WE PROBE A RELATIVELY SMALL REGION OF OUR MILKY WAY GALAXY AND WE FIND INTELLIGENT LIFE, THAT MEANS THAT OUR SPECIES HAS HOPE OF SURVMNG MILLIONS OF YEARS INTO THE FUTURE, RIGHT, AND THAT UNLOCKS POTENTIAL. THAT GIVES ME HOPE, RIGHT, WE'RE NOT GOING TO BECOME EXTINCT, WE'RE GOING TO SURVIVE, WE'RE GOING TO CONNECT, WE'RE GOING TO CONNECT IN A COSMIC SENSE, AND WHAT EVOLUTION WILL THAT LEAD TO? WHAT POTENTIAL WILL BE UNLOCKED? YEAH, AND THE EXCITING THING ABOUT ALL THIS, AS YOU SAW IN THE STORY, IS THIS IS GOING TO HAPPEN IN OUR LIFETIME - IN THE NEXT 20 TO 25 YEARS. BUT THE BIG QUESTION IS, AND THIS REALLY IS THE QUESTION, ISN'T IT, WHAT DOES LIFE LOOK LIKE? WHAT FORM IS IT? WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE STARS, WHAT DO YOU THINK, DUNCAN? DEFINITELY INTELLIGENT LIFE OUT THERE? POSSIBLY LIFE OUT THERE. I'M NOT SURE IT'S INTELLIGENT, COS THEY'RE NOT SURE. IT'S SO VAST; THERE'S GOT TO BE SOMETHING. NOW, SPEAKING OF STARS, I'VE BEEN MEETING A DIFFERENT KIND OF STAR. NOW, THESE ARE YOUNG WOMEN. THEY'RE ARMED WITH JUSTAVIDEO CAMERAAND A BIT OF MAKE-UP, AND THEY HAVE WON FAME AND FORTUNE AND ALONG WITH IT, MILLIONS OF FANS. SO IT'S APPROXIMATELY THE POPULATION OF NZ. THATS INSANE. WOW. OH MY GOSH. THE POPULATION OF NZ. THAT'S INSANE. WOW. OH MY GOSH. < THAT IS. THAT IS. THAT'S INSANE. WOW. OH MY GOSH. < THAT IS. THAT IS. OH, THAT'S INCREDIBLE. # Gotta make my mind up. # Which seat can I take? # It's Friday, Friday. # Gotta get down on Friday. Everybody... We're saying a big thank you to our customers. # ...weekend. # Friday, Friday. # Gettin' down on Friday. Vodafone Fantastic Fridays, with movies, music and sports experiences or pre-pay deals. # Panyin', panyin'. # WELCOME BACK TO 3RD DEGREE. NOW, WHILE THE REST OF US HAVE BEEN GETTING ON WITH OUR LIVES AND OUR JOBS AND PERHAPS OUR MUNDANE LIVES, SAM HAS BEEN WITH- IN SYDNEY WITH BEAUTY BLOGGERS. I HAVE. NOW, LOOK, YOU MAY NOT KNOW THIS, DUNCAN, BUT ON YOUTUBE, EVERY MONTH WE ARE WATCHING OVER SIX BILLION HOURS OF VIDEO. NOW, THAT IS AN ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF CONTENT. AND IT'S NO SURPRISE, REALLY, THAT WHAT WE'RE WITNESSING IS THE RISE OF A NEW TYPE OF CELEBRITY ON YOUTUBE. SO THESE GIRLS THAT I MET, THEY'RE WINNING FAME, FORTUNE, THEY'RE BECOMING SUPERSTARS, ALL WITHOUT HAVING TO LEAVE THEIR OWN HOME. HERE'S SOMETHING TO GOOGLE - HOW DO YOU GET FROM THIS... YOU REALLY WANT TO BLEND THAT IN BUT NOT TOO MUCH. ...TO THIS? ALLOHANTNVELOVEYA, LOVEYA, LOVEYAI OR FROM HERE... A FEW COATS OF THAT, MAYBE TWO, COS YOU WANT NICE LONG, FLIRTY LASHES. ...TO HERE? IT'S SO BEAUTIFUL UP HERE. THIS IS THE DOMAIN OF MOVIE STARS, BUTA NEW BREED OF CELEBRITY IS MAKING INROADS. SO HOW ARE THEY DOING IT? AND WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO GET HERE? MEETAUSTRALIAN CHLOE MORELLO. SHE USED TO WORK IN A CREMATORIUM, BUT NOW SHE'S LMNG IN ANOTHER WORLD. WORKING FROM HOME, CHLOE RECORDS VIDEOS SHOWING HOW SHE LIKES TO APPLY MAKE-UP. SO FIRST STEP IS TO APPLY FOUNDATION. I'M USING THE LOREAL PARIS NUDE MAGIQUE. SHE SHARES THESE ON YOUTUBE. I STARTED AYOUTUBE CHANNEL UNDER MY NAME, CHLOE MORELLO, AND I REALLY WORKED HARD ON THE WEEKENDS AND AFTER WORK AND BEFORE WORK ON BUILDING MY CHANNELAND USING SOCIAL MEDIAA LOT TO REALLY GET IT INTO SOMETHING BEAUTIFUL THAT I WAS PROUD OF. AND WITHIN ONE YEAR I HAD 130,000 FOLLOWERS, AND THATS WHEN I WAS ABLE TO MOVE TO SYDNEY AND LEAVE CANBERRA AND THE CREMATORIUM FOR FULL-TIME WORK ON YOUTUBE. ALREADY PRIMED. CHLOE'S MAKE-UP TUTORIALS HAVE CLOCKED UP 45 MILLION VIEWS, BUT SHE'S GOT SOME COMPETITION. A RECENT REPORT INTO THE INDUSTRY ESTIMATES THERE ARE SOMETHING LIKE 45,000 BLOGGERS DOING THIS ON THE WORLDWIDE WEB. BUT THERE ARE ONLYA FEW SUPERSTARS, AND IN AUSTRALIA, 21-YEAR-OLD LAUREN CURTIS IS QUEEN BEE. SO, I'M A BEAUTY VLOGGER WHICH MEANS THAT I MAKE VIDEOS ON YOUTUBE BASED AROUND EVERYTHING TO DO WITH MAKE-UPAND COSMETICS, AND I MIGHT FILM SOME MAKE-UP TUTORIALS AND SOME REVIEWS ON PRODUCTS THAT I LOVE. HI, EVERYONE. TODAY I'M GOING TO BE FILMING... DO YOU KNOW WHAT YOUR REACH IS ACROSS ALL YOUR SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS? OK, I HAVE TO DO SOME MATHS RIGHT NOW. SO I'VE GOT NEARLY TWO MILLION ON YOUTUBE, I THINK 750,000 ON FACEBOOK AND THEN 780,000 ON INSTAGRAM, MAYBE 70,000 ON TWITTER, SO A FAIR FEW. < SO IT'S APPROXIMATELY THE POPULATION OF NZ. WELL, THERE YOU GO. THATS A NICE WAY TO PUT IT. THATS INSANE. WOW. OH MY GOSH. OH, THAT'S INCREDIBLE. IN FACT, LAUREN'S CHANNEL HIT THE MAGIC MARK OF TWO MILLION SUBSCRIBERS WHILE WE WERE FILMING THIS STORY. AND IT'S THOSE NUMBERS THAT ARE ATTRACTING THE ATTENTION OF THE BIG PLAYERS IN THE BEAUTY INDUSTRY. IT'S WORTH $170 BILLION WORLDWIDE, AND MAJOR BRANDS ARE STARTING TO INJECT SERIOUS CASH INTO THE BLOGGERS' BANK BALANCES. HOW DO YOU MAKE MONEY FROM HAVING A CHANNEL ON YOUTUBE? YOU'RE BASICALLY GETTING PAID FOR GOOGLE TO PLAY ADS AROUND YOUR VIDEOS THAT PEOPLE CAN CLICK ON, AND YOU GET SOME MONEY FROM THAT, AND THAT'S PROBABLY ONE OF THE MAIN WAYS. AND THEN THERE'S OBVIOUSLY BRAND INTEGRATIONS, WHERE A COMPANY WILL SAY, 'HEY, LAUREN, HAVE YOU TRIED THIS PRODUCT BEFORE? 'HOW DID YOU FIND IT,' AND I'LL SAY, NO, I LOVED IT; IT WORKED REALLY WELL FOR ME. AND THEY'D SAY, WOULD YOU LIKE TO FEATURE IT IN A VIDEO FOR US?' AND WE'LL JUST GO FROM THERE. SO THOSE ARE THE TWO MAIN WAYS. OK. SO IF YOU DIDN'T QUITE CATCH THAT, THE BLOGGERS GET PAID FOR ALLOWING ADS ON THEIR YOUTUBE VIDEOS. AND ON TOP OF THAT, THEY GET PAID FOR FEATURING SOME BEAUTY PRODUCTS. LOREAL TRUE MATCH. THIS IS AMAZING. TEOI-NO MUSIC SO, THIS DRAWER HERE CONTAINS MOST OF MY MASCARAS AND PENCILS AND EYELINERS, SO IT'S A BIT MESSY- THERE ARE SO MANY. AND ALL OF YOUR BRUSHES, EVEN. IS THIS ALL OF THEM? YES, I'VE ACTUALLY HAD TO MINIMISE THEM A LITTLE BIT AS WELL JUST BECAUSE I GET SO MANYAND I JUST HAVE NO SPACE, SO THESE ARE MY FAVOURITES. THEY'RE MY FAVOURITE BRANDS. AND DOES THIS JUST GET SENT TO YOU? YEP. IT'S JUST FREE STUFF YOU GET SENT THAT PEOPLE HOPE YOU'LL FEATURE IN YOUR VIDEOS? YES. I CAN'T COMPLAIN, BUT IT DOES BUILD UP. AND THAT'S NOT ALL THAT BUILDS UP. GIRLSSOREAM THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN ENGLISH BEAUTY BLOGGERS STAGE A PUBLIC APPEARANCE. THEIR FANS TREAT THEM LIKE POP STARS. # BACK STREETS. YEAH, WE DO IT LIKE THAT. # SO, WHO IS WATCHING? WELL, HERE IN NZ IT'S 15-YEAR-OLDS LIKE STELLAAND ELIZA... < SHE'S SO PREI I Y. LIKE STELLA AND ELIZA... < SHE'S SO PRETTY. YEAH, SHE IS. ...AN AUDIENCE THAT'S MOVING TOTALLY AWAY FROM TRADITIONAL MEDIA. I'VE NEVER REALLY THOUGHT ABOUT LOOKING AT A MAGAZINE FOR ADVICE, BECAUSE ITHINK, UM, YEAH, MAKE-UP VIDEOS LIKE THOSE ONES WITH LAUREN CURTIS AND CHLOE MORELLO, YOU KNOW, WATCHING A PERSON IS A LOT MORE REALISTIC AND TRUSTWORTHY THAN JUSTA MAGAZINE WITH A CATCHY SLOGAN OR SOMETHING. AND YOU DON'T GET MUCH BIGGER FANS THAN 13 YEAR-OLD HOLLIE REDINGTON. HOW OFTEN ARE YOU WATCHING THEIR VIDEOS? THAN 13 YEAR-OLD HOLLIE REDINGTON. EVERY DAY? EVERY DAY I'LL JUST LOOK AT MY SUBSCRIPTIONS. ONE OF THE FOUR HAVE PROBABLY UPLOADED. EVERY DAY. DO YOU THINK YOU WATCH MORE YOUTUBE THAN YOU DO TV? YES. I JUST LIKE THAT THEY'RE ALWAYS THERE. LIKE, IF YOU'RE HAVING A BAD DAY OR WHATEVER, THEY'RE ALWAYS BUBBLY. THEY GIVE YOU ADVICE AND TIPS ABOUT EVERYTHING. HOLLIE'S SO INTO THE WHOLE BEAUTY BLOGGING WORLD, SHE'S STARTED HER OWN CHANNEL, REALLY REALLY LOCK THE... ...PASSING ON THE TIPS SHE'S GATHERED FROM THE NET TO A WHOLE NEW GENERATION OF FANS. THESE GIRLS HAVE MANAGED TO TURN IT INTO A CAREER, AND THEY'RE DOING REALLY WELL OUT OF IT. IS THAT WHAT YOU HOPE MIGHT HAPPEN WITH YOUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL? I NEVER WENT INTO IT, LIKE, WANTING A CAREER OR ANYTHING, BUT IF MY CHANNEL EVER GOT THAT BIG, THAT WOULD BE REALLY REALLY COOL. BUT I'VE ONLY GONE INTO IT JUST TO HAVE FUN. WHICH IS WHERE ALMOST ALL OF THE BEAUTY BLOGGERS STARTED. BUT WHEN AN INDUSTRY AS HUGE AS BEAUTY MEETS A MEDIUM GROWING AS FAST AS YOUTUBE, WELL, SOMETHING'S GOT TO EXPLODE. CROWD Cl-EERS, SO, IT'S A VERY COMPETITIVE PLACE ON YOUTUBE, WITH EVERY MINUTE MORE THAN A HUNDRED HOURS OF VIDEO BEING UPLOADED TO YOUTUBE. SHANE TREEVES IS YOUTUBE'S AUSTRALASIA SPOKESPERSON. HE SAYS SEARCHES FOR BEAUTY TUTORIALS HAVE TRIPLED IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS, AND THE MEGASTARS LIKE LAUREN AND CHLOE ARE MAKING BIG MONEY FROM THE ADVERTISING ON THEIR CHANNELS. THERE ARE PEOPLE SAYING THEY'RE MAKING AS MUCH AS A WELL-PAID MINING CONTRACTOR HERE IN AUSTRALIA. THEY'RE IN THE SAME SORT OF LEAGUE, AND SO WE'RE FINDING THAT PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO QUIT WHATEVER ELSE THEY'RE DOING AND ACTUALLY MAKE YOUTUBE THEIR FULL-TIME JOB. < SO, AWELL PAID MINING CONTRACT- WHAT'S THAT? SEVERAL HUNDRED THOUSAND? I THINK SO, YEAH. < OK, OK. AND THESE ARE PEOPLE THAT ARE FAIRLY YOUNG STILL, SO IT'S QUITE- IT'S BIG BUSINESS? YEAH. TEOI-NO MUSIC AND THATS NOT EVEN COUNTING THE DEALS THAT COME WITH SUCCESS. BIG BRANDS HAVE BEEN QUICK TO RECOGNISE THE DIRECT MARKETING ADVANTAGES THAT COME WITH MASSIVE AND INSTANT EXPOSURE, AND THEY'RE WILLING TO PAY FIVE OR SIX FIGURES, SOMETIMES MORE, TO GET THEIR PRODUCTS FEATURED IN VIDEOS. BUT THE BLOGGERS SWEAR THEY'LL ONLY EVER DO DEALS WITH THEIR FAVOURITES. APPLY THAT OVER THAT Kl'l'I'EN EYESHADOW BY STILA. THIS STUFF IS JUST TO DIE FOR. I WOULD NEVER EVER FEATURE SOMETHING THAT I WASN'T OBSESSED WITH, THAT DIDN'T LOVE. I MEAN, IT'S TAKEN ME THREE TO FOUR YEARS TO GET TO WHERE I AM. WOULDN'T JEOPARDISE THAT FOR ANY AMOUNT OF MONEY, AND I TURN DOWN A LOT. HAVE YOU TURNED DOWN BIG DEALS BECAUSE YOU DON'T LIKE A PRODUCT? > YEAH, I THINK YOU'D BE VERY SURPRISED WITH HOW MANY DEALS WE TURN DOWN. YEAH, I THINK YOU'D BE VERY IS THAT RIGHT? > DEALS WE TURN DOWN. YEAH, I THINK YOU'D BE VERY IS THAT RIGHT? > YEAH. IS THAT HARD TO DO IF IT'S, YOU KNOW, A BIG PAYCHEQUE, MAYBE? > NO. I DON'T FIND ITA DIFFICULT DECISION AT ALL. I FIND IT AN EASY DECISION. THESE GIRLS ARE ALMOST LIKE FRIENDS TO ME. IT ISN'T LIKE, YOU KNOW, THEY'RE PEOPLE I HAVEN'T GOT ANY KIND OF CONNECTION WITH. THEY'VE DONE SO MUCH FOR ME ALREADY. THE LEAST I CAN DO IS REMAIN TRUE TO MYSELF AND TRUE TO THEM AND NOT FEED THEM INFORMATION THAT'S INCORRECT OR NOT GENUINE. YEAH. < IS THERE A WAY THAT THEY KNOW THAT'S IT'S MAYBE A PAID DEAL? < IS THERE, LIKE A-? DO YOU SAY THAT IN THE VIDEOS? HOW DOES THAT WORK? WOMAN: I THINK WE MIGHT JUST STOP ON THAT LINE OF QUESTIONING. I THINK SHE'S ANSWERED THE... HOW SHE WORKS. AH YES, THE OTHER SIDE OF INTERNET SUCCESS - AGENTS. CHLOE BRINKLOW LOOKS AFTER PUBLIC IMAGE OF BOTH LAUREN AND CHLOE MORELLO, TRYING TO PUT SOME POLISH ON ANY ROUGH EDGES. GERMANYS ALWAYS RIGHT UP THERE. GERMAN IANS LOVE- GERMAN IANS? GERMANIANS LOVE MAKE-UP. GERMANS. (LAUGHS) CAN YOU PLEASE NOT INCLUDE THAT? GERMANS. (LAUGHS) CAN YOU PLEASE NOT INCLUDE THAT? NO, PUT IT IN. IT'S FUNNY! GERMANIA. AND RIGHT THERE IS PART OF THE APPEAL OF THESE GIRLS. THEY'RE NOT AFRAID TO BE THEMSELVES, WARTS AND ALL, IN FRONT OF MILLIONS OF FANS. HI, EVERYONE. WELCOME BACK TO CHLOE MORELLO. MY NAME'S CHLOE MORELLO... RIGHT. THE REASON WHY I BELIEVE THEY'RE REALLY SUCCESSFUL IS THAT THEY ARE THE GIRL NEXT DOOR. EX-PAT KIWI LYNETTE PHILLIPS OWNS THE AGENCY THAT REPRESENTS LAUREN AND CHLOE. SHE PICKED THEM UP THREE YEARS AGO, BUT IT'S ONLY IN THE LAST 12 MONTHS THEY'VE STARTED TO PULL IN BIG MONEY. THEIR NUMBERS ARE VERY POWERFUL. THEY HAVE LEGITIMATE- THEIR OWN MEDIA PLATFORM, AND I THINK THEY ARE REMUNERATED ACCORDINGLY TO THEIR NUMBERS, YEAH. CAN YOU GIVE ME AN IDEA OF WHAT THAT MEANS? YEAH, LOOK, IT ALL DEPENDS ON THEIR TIME AND WHAT'S INVOLVED, AND SO THEIR PROJECTS CAN DIFFER FROM ACTUALLY BEING AT AN EVENT, ATTENDING AN EVENT, TO ACTUALLY GETTING INVOLVED IN A COLLABORATION, SO THERE IS A BIG VARIATION. CAN YOU GIVE ME AVAGUE BALL PARK? > COLLABORATION, SO THERE IS A BIG VARIATION. CAN YOU GIVE ME AVAGUE BALL PARK? > COLLABORATION, so THERE ls A me NO. (mucus) # THIS IS HOW WE DO. YEAH. # SO DESPITE THE BRIGHT LIGHTS OF SUCCESS, THE SEEMS THE HIGHER YOU CLIMB IN THIS INDUSTRY, THE MORE SECRECY SURROUNDS WHAT THE TOP BLOGGERS CAN EARN. BUT THE BEAUTY OF BEAUTY BLOGGING IS THAT AT A CERTAIN LEVEL, IT'S ALL FREE AND IT'S ALL FUN AND THE REWARDS ARE SWEET AND SIMPLE. WHAT DO YOU THINK THE BEST PART OF IT MIGHT BE IF YOU WERE TO GAIN A LOT OF NOTORIETY? UM, PROBABLY THATA LOT OF PEOPLE ARE WATCHING ME AND THEY, LIKE, APPRECIATE WHAT I DO. UM, PROBABLY THATA LOT OF PEOPLE < MM-HM. APPRECIATE WHAT I DO. UM, PROBABLY THATA LOT OF PEOPLE < MM-HM. YEAH. THAT WOULD BE REALLY COOL. AND WHATABOUT, UM, GETTING A FEW LIPSTICKS IN THE MAIL? THAT WOULD BE SO COOL. THAT WOULD BE SO COOL. YES. $0 HOLLIE'S GOT FEWER THAN 100 FOLLOWERS OR- SHE'S JUST STARTING OUT, YEP. YES. $0 HOLLIE'S GOT FEWER THAN 100 FOLLOWERS OR- SHE'S JUST STARTING OUT, YEP. SO HOW DO YOU MAKE IT BIG? HOW DO YOU GO THROUGH TO THE NEXT LEVEL? WELL, YOUTUBE TOLD US THAT THE TRICK IS HITTING THE MAGIC NUMBER OF ABOUT 100,000 SUBSCRIBERS, AND IF YOU CAN GET TO THAT, EVERYTHING JUST SKYROCKETS FROM THERE. SO GOOD LUCK TO HOLLIE. ISN'T SHE BEAUTIFUL? SHE'S LOVELY, AND I'LL JUMP ONLINE VERY SHORTLY AND GET SOME FL- YOU COULD USE A FEW TIPS. SHE'S LOVELY, AND I'LL JUMP ONLINE VERY SHORTLYAND GET SOME FL- YOU COULD USE A FEVV TIPS. GET SOME FL- THAT'S VERY KIND OF YOU SHE'S LOVELY, AND I'LL JUMP ONLINE VERY SHORTLY AND GET SOME FL- ALL RIGHT, THAT'S ALL FROM US HERE AT 3RD DEGREE FOR THE WEEK. WE'RE BACK NEXT WEDNESDAY. WE'LL CATCH YOU THEN.