Nigel Latta finds out why we remember certain things and forget others. He also looks at what happens to the brain when it gets damaged.

Animal Planet Special about researching Chimpanzee's ability to learn our language that follows two chimps, 'Emma' and 'Harper'.

Believe it or not, our eating habits express a lot about our identity as a species, and reveal our unique evolutionary history. Join zoologist Desmond Morris in this second part of The Human Animal documentary series as he traces back our ancestry from arboreal gatherers to bipedal hunters. Learn how so many of the habits we take for granted as simply aesthetic and non-functional, even those seemingly separate from feeding, reveal many of the instincts that our ancestors acquired long ago due to powerful evolutionary selection pressures, and the implications of many of those adaptations in our modern world.

BBC ProductionsIn the first episode, Dr Alice Roberts looks at how our skeleton reveals our incredible evolutionary journey. Trekking through the forests of our ancient ancestors, she goes to meet the apes who still live there today - chimpanzees. In six million years we have become very different, and what kick-started this can be found in an extraordinary fossil - Sahelanthropus. A single hole where the spine was attached suggests that our ancestors started the journey to being human by standing upright. We take it for granted, but standing up and walking is surprisingly complex - each step involves the co-ordination of over 200 muscles. Charting the major advances from Australopithecus to Homo erectus and beyond, Alice tells the epic story of human evolution through our body today. New research has uncovered clues in our ankles, waists and necks that show how our ancestors were forced to survive on the open plain - by walking and running for their lives. From the neck down we have inherited the body of our ancestor Homo erectus, who lived on the plains of Africa nearly two million years ago. Finally Alice looks at probably the most important advance in our evolutionary story. A fortuitous by-product of standing up was freeing up our hands. With pressure-sensitive gloves, she demonstrates how the tiniest of anatomical tweaks to our thumbs and little fingers transformed hands that evolved to grasp branches into ones that could use tools. And with our dexterous hands, our species, Homo sapiens, would change the world.

In this second episode Dr Alice Roberts charts how our ancestors' hunt for food has driven the way we look and behave today - from the shape of our face, to the way we see and even the way we attract the opposite sex. Clues to our ancestors' diet can be found in some surprising places. Alice goes in search of a lion kill to find out how the tape worms in lions' food reveal our ancestors were eating the same diet of big game 1.7 million years ago. She puts her teeth to the test to reveal that our teeth have evolved to shear through meat. But by comparing her saliva with that of chimpanzees, she demonstrates that our body is as much designed to eat starch as it is to eat meat. And visiting a tribe of hunter gatherers in Tanzania, who still gather food in a similar way to our ancestors, Alice discovers that starchy tubers are crucial to survival when meat is scarce. The latest research suggests that the way the different sexes found food throughout our evolution has shaped the way we relate to each other today. The way the Hadza tribe share food and form long-term couples is thought to be the origin of love and marriage in all of us. And a fun experiment with Britain's best skateboarders shows they take more risks when women are present - it seems men are designed to show off to attract a mate.

Dr Alice Roberts explores how our species, Homo sapiens, developed its large brain and asks why humans are the only ape of its kind left on the planet today. The evolution of the human mind is one of the greatest mysteries. It is the basis of religion, philosophy and science. We are special because of our extraordinary brain, and to understand why we think and act the way we do, we need to look at where and why our brains evolved. The Rift Valley in Kenya is thought to be the crucible of human evolution, and here Alice examines the fossils in our family tree which reveal our brains have more than quadrupled in size since our ancestors split from chimpanzees. Research investigating sediments and rocks laid down during the period of greatest brain growth suggests a fluctuating environment may have played a part. Drawing on research on social politics in chimpanzees, the cognitive development of children and the tools that have been found littered across the Rift Valley, Alice explores how and why our ancestors brains became so big. Successive species of increasingly large-brained humans migrated around the world - from Homo erectus to heidelbergensis, the Neanderthals to us. It has always been assumed the reason that Homo sapiens succeeded where others failed is to do with our large brains. Comparing skulls it's clear Neanderthals had just as big a brain as us, so why is there only us left? Alice goes to meet Svante Paabo, who is decoding the Neanderthal and human genome, and Clive Finlayson, who is unearthing the Neanderthals' final settlement, to try to find out.

Sally Boysen's project attempting to teach young chimps graphic symbols in sequence, comparable to human children learning to read letters.

This edition of Horizon does something that no one has done before. We have assembled the first ever complete Neanderthal skeleton, from parts gathered from all over the world, to reveal the most anatomically accurate representation of modern humanity's closest relative. The aim is to use this skeleton to answer two of the great questions of human evolution. Was Neanderthal a thinking, feeling human being like us, or a primitive beast? And why is it that we are here today, and Neanderthal is extinct? To answer these questions, we've brought together a team of leading experts to explore the skeleton for clues, and perform experiments to test out their ideas. Their findings allow us to use drama to bring Neanderthal to life with unrivalled accuracy. They reveal how Neanderthal hunted, thought - even spoke. What emerges is a very different beast to the brute of legend. It seems Neanderthal was in many ways our equal and in some ways our superior. And the story of his extinction owed less to modern humans' superiority than sheer luck.

Four overweight teenagers agree to swallow capsules filled with healthy people's faeces in the hope of losing weight, but a lack of suitable poo donors threatens the experiment.

This final episode explores the way our experiences shape our minds and bodies as we journey from the most helpless to the most sophisticated organism on Earth.

This 1993 documentary surveys the world’s southernmost volcano, Mount Erebus. Cameras travel to never before filmed depths, 400 metres below the sea ice. They also go 3500 metres above sea level into the erupting crater. The film charts what is able to survive in the otherworldly environment, from seals to moss.

The lives of some of science's greatest thinkers is explored in this documentary screening in the International Documentary slot, Pakipūmeka o te Ao. The Discovery Channel production follows four of the world's greatest physicists - Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. Each man was a rebel in his own way; each conceived a radical new vision of the cosmos. But what were these brilliant men really like? This programme explores their incredible achievements in the context of their tumultuous lives.

A documentary portrait of the physicist Stephen Hawking, who is afflicted with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and communicates via a voice synthesiser.

Join Nigel Latta to explore the apparently very simple question: What is your brain? It's something humans have struggled to understand for millennia, and science for several decades.

For most of human history our brains dealt with pretty straightforward problems. But that brain is the exact same one we now use to grapple with the modern world.

Nigel Latta questions the belief that human beings are selfish. Modern neuroscience has blown that myth apart, showing human connection to be an incredibly important function of the brain.

A small piece of stone, unearthed in an African cave, may rewrite human history. If the message it contains is true, then one of the great sagas of human evolution - how our ancestors stopped being mere animals and became modern thinking human beings has all been based on a mistake.The history books say that some 37,000 years ago, our ancestors arrived in Europe for the first time. Suddenly, cave paintings appeared - clear evidence of sophisticated thought. It seemed there had been "Human Revolution".That revolution was so profound that it allowed us to triumph over even our nearest relatives, the Neanderthals. They were wiped out within years of our arrival in Europe. It seemed the sudden dawning of thought has led to us dominating the planet like no other creature. But now a small piece of ochre in a South African cave has changed everything. It appears to be a work of abstract art, an example of advanced thought - and yet it is twice as old as the human revolution. Evidence has also emerged suggesting that the Neanderthals were developing complex thinking too. Together these facts are forcing a huge rethink about our origins and what makes us human.

A researcher experiments on himself, and the girls face their three-month and six-month weigh-ins. What will be the outcome of the experiment?

Saskia and Alofa struggle with healthy eating, the Gut Bugs team faces an unlikely obstacle while sending poo in the post, and it's the six week weigh-in.

45-year-old Tina discovers the damage her diet is doing to her skin, 49-year-old ex-policeman Rich scores the worst body age seen so far, and 68-year-old Isabella learns how to reverse her brain's decline.

A report from the 49th The Australian & New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science (ANZAAS) Congress. Speakers are 1. Dr. John Maunder, climate scientist -- 2 Professor Derek Bryce-Smith, University of Reading. -- 3 Dr Michael Hills, University of Waikato -- 4 Professor Theo Roy, University of Waikato -- 5 Dr Don McAlpine, Massey University -- 6 Dr Keith Sutherland Presidential Address

The changes in the brain during the growth and development of a baby into an adult are explored. Susan Greenfield looks at how little of the fine structure of our brains is predetermined at birth, how the connections between nerves are constantly changing in response to what we encounter in the outside world. She explains her view that learning, memory and even the process of becoming a unique individual, should all be seen as a restless brain adapting minute by minute to the environment it encounters. Life is about how the world leaves its mark on us.

In this episode, Michael demonstrates how our society is built on our search to find the answer to what makes up everything in the material world. This is a story that moves from the secret labs of the alchemists and their search for gold to the creation of the world's first synthetic dye - mauve - and onto the invention of the transistor. This quest may seem abstract and highly theoretical. Yet it has delivered the greatest impact on humanity. By trying to answer this question, scientists have created theories from elements to atoms, and the strange concepts of quantum physics that underpin our modern, technological world. Presented by Michael Mosley ; series producer, Aidan Laverty ; Consultants, Prof Pietro Corsi, Dr Jim Endersby, Dr Patricia Fara.

We are the most power-hungry generation that has ever lived. This film tells the story of how that power has been harnessed - from wind, steam and from inside the atom. In the early years the drive for new sources of power was led by practical men who wanted to make money. Their inventions and ideas created fortunes and changed the course of history, but it took centuries for science to catch up, to explain what power is, rather than simply what it does. This search revealed fundamental laws of nature which apply across the universe, including the most famous equation in all of science, e=mc2. Presented by Michael Mosley ; series producer, Aidan Laverty ; Consultants, Prof Pietro Corsi, Dr Jim Endersby, Dr Patricia Fara.

Michael begins with the story of one of the great upheavals in human history - how we came to understand that our planet was not at the centre of everything in the cosmos, but just one of billions of bodies in a vast and expanding universe. He reveals the critical role of medieval astrologers in changing our view of the heavens, and the surprising connections to the upheavals of the Renaissance, the growth of coffee shops and Californian oil and railway barons. Michael shows how important the practical skills of craftsmen have been to this story and finds out how Galileo made his telescope to peer at the heavens and by doing so helped change our view of the universe forever. Presented by Michael Mosley ; series producer, Aidan Laverty ; Consultants, Prof Pietro Corsi, Dr Jim Endersby, Dr Patricia Fara.

The story of how the secret of life has been examined through the prism of the most complex organism known - the human body. It begins with attempts to save the lives of gladiators in Ancient Rome, unfolds with the macabre work and near-perfect drawings of Leonardo in the Renaissance, through the idea of the 'life force' of electricity, to the microscopic world of the cell. It reveals how a moral crisis unleashed by work on the nuclear bomb helped trigger a great breakthrough in biology - understanding the structure and workings of DNA. Presented by Michael Mosley ; series producer, Aidan Laverty ; Consultants, Prof Pietro Corsi, Dr Jim Endersby, Dr Patricia Fara.

The question of our human origins is one of the most controversial science has wrestled with. This is the story of how scientists came to explain the beauty and diversity of life on earth, and reveal how its evolution is connected to the long and violent history of our planet. Featuring ocean adventurers, eccentric French aristocrats, mountain climbers, a secret Victorian publisher with 12 fingers, a ridiculed German meteorologist, and only a brief hint of Charles Darwin. Presented by Michael Mosley ; series producer, Aidan Laverty ; Consultants, Prof Pietro Corsi, Dr Jim Endersby, Dr Patricia Fara.

We now know that the brain - the organ that more than any other makes us human - is one of the wonders of the universe, and yet until the 17th century it was barely studied. The twin sciences of brain anatomy and psychology have offered different visions of who we are. Now these sciences are coming together and in the process have revealed some surprising and uncomfortable truths about what really shapes our thoughts, feelings and desires. And the search to understand how our brains work has also revealed that we are all - whether we realise it or not - carrying out science from the moment we are born. Presented by Michael Mosley.

Men and women are just the same. Just as caring, just as promiscuous, just as good at a three point turn. Aren't they? The results of a new BBC sex survey of 500,000 people from around the globe - the largest ever carried out - provide very revealing answers. And five men and five women are put through a unique battery of experiments to uncover the real differences between the sexes. Engineer Lloyd finds out what's missing in him. Bickering couple Liz and Craig squabble over who's the most empathetic - until a stunning brain scan settles the argument. And in a television first we reveal the true effects of sex hormones on the brain by following 29-year-old Max as, under the influence of monthly testosterone injections, she turns from a woman into a man.

This programme is on whether we can live in space.

Every living thing eventually break down and dies - but does it have to be that way?

Insight into how out brain works.

If we can understand how animals think then we may be able to understand ourselves.

What triggered the creation of the sun and earth?

How will robots interact with society? Could the next big thing be the BIG one? How could your traffic prayers be answered, is is automated cars?

Interviewee is Professor Sir Paul Callaghan and the musical selection is Night Scout performed by by Victoria Girling-Butcher. August is Science and Innovation Month on Talk Talk.

The investigation of the cosmos starts in California, visiting a huge new telescope whose sole purpose is to be ready to receive a message from outer space. Dr Doug Vakoch of the Interstellar Messaging Composition Group who is working out what reply we should send, and the programme finds out how far our ancient broadcasts have travelled.

Features exclusive access to an American camp for transgender adolescents and their parents. As well as summer fun, they must face huge dilemmas including whether or not to begin hormone blockers to halt male puberty.

Follows three young transgender Brits fulfilling their dreams of becoming men. The film features unprecedented access to surgical procedures and also meets the increasingly confident online community of young transgender men baring everything on social media.

Follow two ordinary British families as they attempt to navigate the extraordinary challenges of having a 7 year old child who was born the wrong gender. The parents are faced with decisions few others could comprehend, from changing pronouns to whether to let their kids go transition at school.

Filmmaker Damon Gameau puts his healthy body on the line as he documents the effects of eating supposedly healthy foods that are hiding high amounts of sugar.

An introductory study of common practice of Fai Kava in the Kingdom of Tonga. Video taken in Summer 2012 throughout the Island Kingdom. This is the 2nd edition to a previous film 'Fai Kava Tonga: Men's Groups in the Island Kingdom', from the University of Utah.

This episode explores what can give brains a boost. In America, Angela tries out a new treatment that's proven to help memory and concentration. In Japan, a remarkable 100-year-old reveals the colorful foods that keep minds more active. Plus Chris discovers the best exercise we can do for our brains. At the cutting-edge of science, discover how injections of young people's blood may help beat dementia.

Adam Hart-Davis looks at the chance that a European could be the first person to step foot on Mars and what humans will do once there. Plus, the fate of Voyager, the most distant man-made object in space.

Developments in Forensic science in New Zealand including back splatter, fingerprints and marine bacteria.

Building the Universe. Adam Hart-Davis goes 100m underground to meet the scientists trying to re-create the Big Bang and journeys to Durham to meet Professor Carlos Frenk who makes universes in his computer.

Adam Hart-Davis visits Chile's Atacama desert, home to the world's largest telescope to see some of the incredible images it has produced. In Tuscany, Dr Maggie Aderin inspects a telescope designed to map gravity waves.

Adam Hart-Davis meets a team from Leicester who are examining data accidentally picked up by spy satellites that documents the biggest bangs to happen since the Big Bang.

Adam Hart-Davis searches for planets orbiting suns other than ours that could sustain life, and he explains how the first planet seen outside our solar system was found.

EVERYTHING: The first part, Everything, sees Professor Al-Khalili set out to discover what the universe might actually look like. The journey takes him from the distant past to the boundaries of the known universe. Along the way he charts the remarkable stories of the men and women who discovered the truth about the cosmos and investigates how our understanding of space has been shaped by both mathematics and astronomy. NOTHING: Explores science at the very limits of human perception, where we now understand the deepest mysteries of the universe lie. Jim Al-Khalili sets out to answer one very simple question - what is nothing? His journey ends with perhaps the most profound insight about reality that humanity has ever made. Everything came from nothing. The quantum world of the super-small shaped the vast universe we inhabit today, and Jim Al-Khalili can prove it